[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":188},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content:\u002Fposts\u002Fxtrabackup-backup":3,"surround:\u002Fposts\u002Fxtrabackup-backup":179},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"categories":154,"date":156,"description":157,"draft":158,"extension":159,"image":160,"meta":161,"navigation":163,"path":164,"permalink":160,"pinned":158,"published":160,"readingTime":165,"recommend":160,"references":160,"seo":170,"sitemap":171,"stem":172,"tags":173,"type":177,"updated":156,"__hash__":178},"content\u002Fposts\u002Fposts\u002Fxtrabackup-backup.md","Xtrabackup MySQL 热备份工具使用指南",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":146},"minimark",[9,19,22,38,43,54,58,65,73,77,80,88,127,131,137,140],[10,11,15],"alert",{"type":12,"icon":13,"title":14},"info","tabler:robot","AI 迁移提示",[16,17,18],"p",{},"本文由 AI 协助从旧站迁移，尚未完成逐篇人工审校；内容如有疏漏，将在复核后修订。",[16,20,21],{},"Xtrabackup 是 Percona 公司开发的 MySQL 开源热备份工具，支持在不停止数据库服务的情况下进行全量和增量备份。",[23,24,25],"blockquote",{},[16,26,27,28,33,34],{},"相关文章：",[29,30,32],"a",{"href":31},"\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-mysql-57","CentOS 安装 MySQL 5.7 完整指南"," · ",[29,35,37],{"href":36},"\u002Fposts\u002Fubuntu-mysql-81","Ubuntu 安装 MySQL 8.1 完整指南",[39,40,42],"h2",{"id":41},"一安装","一、安装",[44,45,51],"pre",{"className":46,"code":48,"language":49,"meta":50},[47],"language-bash","# 下载二进制包\nwget https:\u002F\u002Fdownloads.percona.com\u002Fdownloads\u002FPercona-XtraBackup-LATEST\u002FPercona-XtraBackup-8.1.0-1\u002Fbinary\u002Ftarball\u002Fpercona-xtrabackup-8.1.0-1-Linux-x86_64.glibc2.17.tar.gz\n\n# 解压并安装\ntar -zxvf percona-xtrabackup-8.1.0-1-Linux-x86_64.glibc2.17.tar.gz\nmv percona-xtrabackup-8.1.0-1-Linux-x86_64.glibc2.17 \u002Fapp\u002Fxtrabackup\n\n# 配置软链接（使命令全局可用）\nln -sf \u002Fapp\u002Fxtrabackup\u002Fbin\u002F* \u002Fusr\u002Fbin\u002F\n\n# 验证安装\nxtrabackup --version\n","bash","",[52,53,48],"code",{"__ignoreMap":50},[39,55,57],{"id":56},"二mysql-配置要求","二、MySQL 配置要求",[16,59,60,61,64],{},"备份前需在 ",[52,62,63],{"code":63},"\u002Fetc\u002Fmy.cnf"," 中启用 GTID：",[44,66,71],{"className":67,"code":69,"filename":63,"language":70,"meta":50},[68],"language-ini","gtid_mode=ON\nenforce_gtid_consistency=ON\n","ini",[52,72,69],{"__ignoreMap":50},[39,74,76],{"id":75},"三创建备份专用用户","三、创建备份专用用户",[16,78,79],{},"MySQL 8.1 起必须使用非 root 用户执行备份：",[44,81,86],{"className":82,"code":84,"language":85,"meta":50},[83],"language-sql","-- 创建备份用户\nCREATE USER 'bkpuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 's3cr%T';\n\n-- 授予必要权限\nGRANT BACKUP_ADMIN, PROCESS, RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'bkpuser'@'localhost';\nGRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.log_status TO 'bkpuser'@'localhost';\nGRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.keyring_component_status TO 'bkpuser'@'localhost';\nGRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_group_members TO 'bkpuser'@'localhost';\n","sql",[52,87,84],{"__ignoreMap":50},[10,89,91,94],{"type":90},"tip",[16,92,93],{},"各权限用途说明：",[95,96,97,107,113,121],"ul",{},[98,99,100,103,104],"li",{},[52,101,102],{"code":102},"RELOAD","：执行 ",[52,105,106],{"code":106},"FLUSH TABLES WITH REDO LOCK",[98,108,109,112],{},[52,110,111],{"code":111},"REPLICATION CLIENT","：查询 binlog 位点信息",[98,114,115,103,118],{},[52,116,117],{"code":117},"BACKUP_ADMIN",[52,119,120],{"code":120},"LOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP",[98,122,123,126],{},[52,124,125],{"code":125},"PROCESS","：查询 InnoDB 状态和进程列表",[39,128,130],{"id":129},"四全量备份","四、全量备份",[44,132,135],{"className":133,"code":134,"language":49,"meta":50},[47],"mkdir -p \u002Fapp\u002Fbackup\n\n# 执行全量备份（带压缩）\nxtrabackup --backup \\\n  --slave-info \\\n  -u bkpuser \\\n  -H 127.0.0.1 \\\n  -P 3306 \\\n  -p 's3cr%T' \\\n  --compress \\\n  --parallel=5 \\\n  --target-dir=\u002Fapp\u002Fbackup\u002Fbackup_$(date +\"%F_%H_%M_%S\")\n",[52,136,134],{"__ignoreMap":50},[16,138,139],{},"直接压缩为 gz 文件：",[44,141,144],{"className":142,"code":143,"language":49,"meta":50},[47],"xtrabackup --backup -u bkpuser -H 127.0.0.1 -P 3306 -p 's3cr%T' \\\n  --stream=xbstream | gzip > \u002Fapp\u002Fbackup\u002Fbackup_$(date +\"%F_%H_%M_%S\").gz\n",[52,145,143],{"__ignoreMap":50},{"title":50,"searchDepth":147,"depth":147,"links":148},4,[149,151,152,153],{"id":41,"depth":150,"text":42},2,{"id":56,"depth":150,"text":57},{"id":75,"depth":150,"text":76},{"id":129,"depth":150,"text":130},[155],"服务","2026-01-13","介绍 Percona Xtrabackup 的安装配置与全量备份操作，支持不停机热备份 MySQL 数据库，适用于生产环境数据保护。",false,"md",null,{"slots":162},{},true,"\u002Fposts\u002Fxtrabackup-backup",{"text":166,"minutes":167,"time":168,"words":169},"2 min read",1.635,98100,327,{"title":5,"description":157},{"loc":164},"posts\u002Fposts\u002Fxtrabackup-backup",[174,175,176],"MySQL","备份","运维","tech","Qx6d0IFPkVg8m2KBr-V5wqKqgweVQuLgsue6mDRDoOc",[180,183],{"title":37,"path":36,"stem":181,"date":182,"type":177,"children":-1},"posts\u002Fposts\u002Fubuntu-mysql-81","2026-01-12",{"title":184,"path":185,"stem":186,"date":187,"type":177,"children":-1},"CentOS 编译安装 Redis 6.2 并配置 Systemd 服务","\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-redis-install","posts\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-redis-install","2026-01-14",1788712225473]