[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":603},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content:\u002Fposts\u002Flvm-setup":3,"surround:\u002Fposts\u002Flvm-setup":591},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"categories":566,"date":568,"description":569,"draft":570,"extension":571,"image":572,"meta":573,"navigation":575,"path":576,"permalink":572,"pinned":570,"published":572,"readingTime":577,"recommend":572,"references":572,"seo":582,"sitemap":583,"stem":584,"tags":585,"type":588,"updated":589,"__hash__":590},"content\u002Fposts\u002Fposts\u002Flvm-setup.md","LVM 硬盘工具使用教程",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":530},"minimark",[9,19,25,40,45,50,60,64,71,77,91,97,106,112,129,135,139,142,145,155,164,171,175,180,188,192,198,201,205,211,214,218,224,228,236,239,243,251,262,265,269,274,282,285,289,295,299,305,308,312,318,322,327,333,341,344,350,353,359,362,365,371,377,381,384,390,393,399,402,408,412,415,423,427,430,436,440,443,449,452,456,462,465,469,471,477,480,486,489,492,498,502,508,516,519,524],[10,11,15],"alert",{"type":12,"title":13,"icon":14},"info","AI 迁移提示","tabler:robot",[16,17,18],"p",{},"本文由 AI 协助从旧站迁移，尚未完成逐篇人工审校；内容如有疏漏，将在复核后修订。",[20,21,22],"blockquote",{},[16,23,24],{},"LVM是Linux系统中用于管理磁盘分区的命令行工具。该工具通过纯软件方式将多个块设备组织为逻辑卷，支持在线调整逻辑卷空间并集成快照功能以实现数据备份。",[10,26,28],{"type":12,"title":27},"版本差异说明",[16,29,30,31,35,36,39],{},"此操作在 CentOS 7 下进行。CentOS 6 默认文件系统为 ext4（使用 ",[32,33,34],"code",{"code":34},"resize2fs"," 命令扩容），CentOS 7 起默认为 xfs（使用 ",[32,37,38],{"code":38},"xfs_growfs"," 命令扩容）。写入 fstab 时需注意对应文件系统类型。",[20,41,42],{},[16,43,44],{},"ubuntu也可以使用此文档.",[46,47,49],"h2",{"id":48},"一安装lvm","一、安装LVM",[51,52,58],"pre",{"className":53,"code":55,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"language-shell","# CentOS\u002FRHEL系统\nyum  install -y lvm2\n\n# Ubuntu\u002FDebian系统\napt install -y lvm2\n","shell","",[32,59,55],{"__ignoreMap":57},[46,61,63],{"id":62},"二命令大全","二、命令大全",[16,65,66,67,70],{},"这里就是常用的创建分区所有使用的命令了，注意部分命令例如",[32,68,69],{"code":69},"lsblk"," 只会提及一次，如想查看完整操作请看下一小节。",[51,72,75],{"className":73,"code":74,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"# 查看磁盘分区情况（虚拟磁盘通常是vdx、sata磁盘是sdx、nvme是nvmex）这里使用vdb作为演示\nlsblk\n# 使用parted工具操作磁盘（格式化磁盘）\nparted \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb\n\t# 查看磁盘信息\n\tprint\n\t# 修改为gpt分区表\n\tmklabel gpt\n\t# 创建主分区(如果创建一个分区，最后一个为最大容量)\n\tmkpart primary 0 1045GB\n\t# 如果有错误就忽略，如果有覆盖选项就Y覆盖\n\t# 创建完成后可以再次运行print查看磁盘信息\n\t\n\t# 标记1分区为lvm\n\tset 1 lvm on \n\t# 退出分区工具\n\tquit\n# 重读分区表 可以再次运行lsblk进行查看分区\npartprobe \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb\n\n\n# ---------------------------创建分区操作---------------------------\n\n# PV操作\n## 创建pv (vdb1就是lsblk的vdb下面的一个分区)\npvcreate -v \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\n## 查看pv 这里主要查看创建的pv有没有成功创建，注意这里可能会包含系统的pv\npvdisplay\n\n# VG操作\n## 创建vg 这里的vg01就是创建的vg名称\nvgcreate -s 4M vg01 \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\n## 查看vg 这里同样会包含系统的vg\nvgdisplay\n\n\n# LV操作\n## 创建lv 这里的vg01就是vg名称 lv01就是创建的lv名称\nlvcreate  -l 100%FREE -n lv01 vg01\n## 查看lv 这里同样会包含系统的vg\nlvdisplay\n\n\n# 格式化分区 主要演示格式化为ext4\n## 主要语法为 mkfs.ext4 \u002Fdev\u002F\u003Cvg名称>\u002F\u003Clv名称>\nmkfs.ext4 \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01\n\n# 进行挂载操作\nmkdir \u002Fapp\nmount \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01 \u002Fapp\n\n# 永久写入挂载点\n## 查看系统当前挂载信息\nblkid\n",[32,76,74],{"__ignoreMap":57},[10,78,80],{"type":79},"warning",[16,81,82,83,86,87,90],{},"写入 ",[32,84,85],{"code":85},"\u002Fetc\u002Ffstab"," 前务必确认 UUID 正确。错误的 UUID 或 fstab 条目会导致系统无法正常启动。建议先用 ",[32,88,89],{"code":89},"mount"," 命令测试挂载是否正常，再写入 fstab。",[51,92,95],{"className":93,"code":94,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"## 写入fstab文件\necho \"UUID=\u003CUUID> \u002Fapp ext4 defaults 0 0\" >> \u002Fetc\u002Ffstab\n\n\n# ---------------------------扩容分区操作---------------------------\n\n# VG操作\n## 扩展vg，将pv全部扩展到vg下\n##vgextend \u003CVG Name> \u003CPV Name>\nvgextend vg01 \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\n# 查看LV\nlvdisplay\n\n# LV操作\n## 扩展lv，将vg全部扩展到lv下\nlvextend -l +100%FREE \u003CLV Path>\n",[32,96,94],{"__ignoreMap":57},[10,98,99],{"type":79},[16,100,101,102,105],{},"缩容操作可能导致数据丢失！执行 ",[32,103,104],{"code":104},"lvreduce"," 前必须先卸载文件系统并缩小文件系统大小，否则会损坏数据。建议缩容前做好完整备份。",[51,107,110],{"className":108,"code":109,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"## 缩小lv分区\nlvreduce -L 100G  \u003CLV Path>\n\n# 加载到系统\n## 参数为 LV path，**被扩容的挂载点一定是LVM格式\nxfs_growfs \u003CLV Path>\n",[32,111,109],{"__ignoreMap":57},[10,113,115],{"type":79,"title":114},"删除分区操作",[16,116,117,118,121,122,121,125,128],{},"以下操作包含 ",[32,119,120],{"code":120},"lvremove","、",[32,123,124],{"code":124},"vgremove",[32,126,127],{"code":127},"rm -rf"," 等不可逆命令，执行前请确认数据已备份。删除 LV\u002FVG 后数据将无法恢复。",[51,130,133],{"className":131,"code":132,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"# ---------------------------删除分区操作---------------------------\n\n# 删除挂载点\n## 如果fstab内有配置需要同步删除\numount -v \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01\n## 删除目录（可选）\nrm -rf \u002Fapp\n\n# LV操作\n## 删除LV\nlvremove \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01\n## 查看LV\nlvdisplay\n\n# VG操作\n## 删除vg\nvgremove vg01\n## 查看vg\nvgdisplay\n\n",[32,134,132],{"__ignoreMap":57},[46,136,138],{"id":137},"三扩容分区","三、扩容分区",[16,140,141],{},"在实际环境时，我们会遇到，硬盘临时扩容的情况。",[16,143,144],{},"解决方式分为2种。",[146,147,148,152],"ol",{},[149,150,151],"li",{},"把临时扩容的部分创建一个分区，合并到 root 的 lv 里面去",[149,153,154],{},"扩容当前的 lv",[51,156,162],{"className":157,"code":159,"filename":160,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"language-bash","\n# 1. 查看当前PV情况\npvdisplay\n\n# 2. 创建新分区（比如 sda3），类型设为 Linux LVM (8e)\nfdisk \u002Fdev\u002Fsda\n# 创建新主分区 sda3，使用所有剩余空间\n# t 设置类型为 8e\n# w 保存\n\n# 3. 刷新分区表\npartprobe \u002Fdev\u002Fsda\n\n# 4. 创建物理卷\npvcreate \u002Fdev\u002Fsda3\n\n# 5. 扩展到现有卷组\nvgextend debian-vg \u002Fdev\u002Fsda3\n\n# 6. 扩展逻辑卷\nlvextend -l +100%FREE \u002Fdev\u002Fdebian-vg\u002Froot\n\n# 7. 扩展文件系统\nresize2fs \u002Fdev\u002Fdebian-vg\u002Froot\n\n","方法1","bash",[32,163,159],{"__ignoreMap":57},[51,165,169],{"className":166,"code":167,"filename":168,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"\n# 检查当前分区表：\nfdisk \u002Fdev\u002Fsda\n# 按 p 查看分区表。注意 sda5 是从哪个分区扩展的（通常是 sda2的扩展分区）。\n\n# 删除并重建扩展分区（sda2）以包含所有空间：\n## 在 fdisk 中，按 d 删除分区，先删 5（扩展分区内的逻辑分区），再删 2（扩展分区本身）。\n## 按 n 创建新扩展分区（sda2），选择默认起始扇区，并将结束扇区设置为磁盘末尾（直接按回车使用最大空间）。\n## 按 t 将分区类型设置为 5（Extended）。\n\n# 重建逻辑分区 sda5：\n## 在 fdisk 中，按 n 创建逻辑分区（sda5），Partition #5 contains a LVM2_member signature. N 使用默认起始扇区，结束扇区同样设置为磁盘末尾。\n## 按 t 设置分区类型为 8e（Linux LVM）。\n\n# 保存并退出：\n## 按 w 保存更改并退出 fdisk。\n\n# 通知系统分区表变更：\npartprobe \u002Fdev\u002Fsda\n\n# 扩展物理卷（PV）：\npvresize \u002Fdev\u002Fsda5\n\n# 扩展swap\n## 关闭 swap\nswapoff -a\n## 扩展lv\nlvextend -L 4G \u002Fdev\u002Fdebian-vg\u002Fswap_1\n## 重新创建swap并启用\nmkswap \u002Fdev\u002Fdebian-vg\u002Fswap_1\nswapon \u002Fdev\u002Fdebian-vg\u002Fswap_1\n\n#扩展逻辑卷（LV）：\nlvextend -l +100%FREE \u002Fdev\u002Fdebian-vg\u002Froot\n\n# 调整文件系统大小：如果是 ext4 文件系统：\nresize2fs \u002Fdev\u002Fdebian-vg\u002Froot\n\n","方法2",[32,170,167],{"__ignoreMap":57},[46,172,174],{"id":173},"四真机实践","四、真机实践",[176,177,179],"h3",{"id":178},"_1-查看当前磁盘","1. 查看当前磁盘",[51,181,186],{"className":182,"code":184,"language":185},[183],"language-text","[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# df -Th                                                     \n\nFilesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-root xfs        44G  3.7G   41G   9% \u002F\ndevtmpfs                devtmpfs  7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fdev\ntmpfs                   tmpfs     7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fdev\u002Fshm\ntmpfs                   tmpfs     7.8G  777M  7.0G  10% \u002Frun\ntmpfs                   tmpfs     7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fsys\u002Ffs\u002Fcgroup\n\u002Fdev\u002Fvda1               xfs      1014M  179M  836M  18% \u002Fboot\ntmpfs                   tmpfs     1.6G   36K  1.6G   1% \u002Frun\u002Fuser\u002F0\ntmpfs                   tmpfs     1.6G   40K  1.6G   1% \u002Frun\u002Fuser\u002F1001\n","text",[32,187,184],{"__ignoreMap":57},[176,189,191],{"id":190},"_2-查看块分区","2. 查看块分区",[51,193,196],{"className":194,"code":195,"language":185},[183],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lsblk \n\nNAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT\nvda             252:0    0   50G  0 disk \n├─vda1          252:1    0    1G  0 part \u002Fboot\n└─vda2          252:2    0   49G  0 part \n  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   44G  0 lvm  \u002F\n  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]\nvdb             252:16   0  974G  0 disk\n",[32,197,195],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,199,200],{},"可以看到 \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb 为新增的磁盘",[176,202,204],{"id":203},"_3-格式化磁盘","3. 格式化磁盘",[51,206,209],{"className":207,"code":208,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# parted \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb\n\nGNU Parted 3.1\nUsing \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb\nWelcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.\n\n(parted) print\n\nError: \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb: unrecognised disk label\nModel: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)                                      \nDisk \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb: 1046GB\nSector size (logical\u002Fphysical): 512B\u002F512B\nPartition Table: unknown\nDisk Flags: \n\n(parted) mklabel gpt    \n\n(parted) mkpart primary 0 1045GB\n\nWarning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.\nIgnore\u002FCancel? i    \n\n(parted) print   \n\nModel: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)\nDisk \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb: 1046GB\nSector size (logical\u002Fphysical): 512B\u002F512B\nPartition Table: gpt\nDisk Flags: \n\nNumber  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags\n 1      17.4kB  1045GB  1045GB               primary\n\n(parted) set 1 lvm on    \n\n(parted) print\n\nModel: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)\nDisk \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb: 1046GB\nSector size (logical\u002Fphysical): 512B\u002F512B\nPartition Table: gpt\nDisk Flags: \n\nNumber  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags\n 1      17.4kB  1045GB  1045GB               primary  lvm\n\n(parted) quit   \n\nInformation: You may need to update \u002Fetc\u002Ffstab\n\n",[32,210,208],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,212,213],{},"以上 (parted) 开头的代表输入的命令，具体功能可以通过 help 查看",[176,215,217],{"id":216},"_4-重读分区表","4. 重读分区表",[51,219,222],{"className":220,"code":221,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"partprobe \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb\n",[32,223,221],{"__ignoreMap":57},[176,225,227],{"id":226},"_5-重新查看块分区","5. 重新查看块分区",[51,229,234],{"className":230,"code":232,"language":233,"meta":57},[231],"language-dart","[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lsblk \nNAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT\nvda             252:0    0    50G  0 disk \n├─vda1          252:1    0     1G  0 part \u002Fboot\n└─vda2          252:2    0    49G  0 part \n  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    44G  0 lvm  \u002F\n  └─centos-swap 253:1    0     5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]\nvdb             252:16   0   974G  0 disk \n└─vdb1          252:17   0 973.2G  0 part\n","dart",[32,235,232],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,237,238],{},"可以看到vdb下多了vdb1，这个用来创建pv",[176,240,242],{"id":241},"_6-创建pv","6. 创建PV",[51,244,249],{"className":245,"code":247,"language":248,"meta":57},[246],"language-csharp","[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# pvcreate -v \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\n    Wiping internal VG cache\n    Wiping cache of LVM-capable devices\n    Wiping signatures on new PV \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1.\n    Set up physical volume for \"\u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\" with 2041015592 available sectors.\n    Zeroing start of device \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1.\n    Writing physical volume data to disk \"\u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\".\n  Physical volume \"\u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\" successfully created.\n","csharp",[32,250,247],{"__ignoreMap":57},[10,252,254],{"type":12,"title":253},"扩容前提条件",[16,255,256,257,261],{},"PV 创建好之后，到这一步可以选择扩展或者新建挂载点。",[258,259,260],"strong",{},"扩容的前提条件是扩容挂载点的磁盘格式必须是 LVM 格式","，非 LVM 格式的分区无法直接扩容。",[16,263,264],{},"这里先演示新建挂载点然后删除挂载点并扩容",[176,266,268],{"id":267},"_7-新增lvm挂载","7. 新增LVM挂载",[270,271,273],"h4",{"id":272},"查看pv","查看PV",[51,275,280],{"className":276,"code":278,"language":279,"meta":57},[277],"language-sql","[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# pvdisplay\n  --- Physical volume ---\n  PV Name               \u002Fdev\u002Fvda2\n  VG Name               centos\n  PV Size               \u003C49.00 GiB \u002F not usable 3.00 MiB\n  Allocatable           yes (but full)\n  PE Size               4.00 MiB\n  Total PE              12543\n  Free PE               0\n  Allocated PE          12543\n  PV UUID               CCUeq0-ZnG9-iUY8-dPOj-fVOa-XC10-ooGyle\n   \n  \"\u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\" is a new physical volume of \"973.23 GiB\"\n  --- NEW Physical volume ---\n  PV Name               \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\n  VG Name               \n  PV Size               973.23 GiB\n  Allocatable           NO\n  PE Size               0   \n  Total PE              0\n  Free PE               0\n  Allocated PE          0\n  PV UUID               vUoC7C-MIP2-iwXr-0SWu-c2Wz-yb6o-qFrfo1\n","sql",[32,281,278],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,283,284],{},"注意看 VG Name，前面的是系统安装时选择LVM格式的，后面的还没有创建，所以 VG Name 为空",[270,286,288],{"id":287},"新建vg","新建VG",[51,290,293],{"className":291,"code":292,"language":248,"meta":57},[246],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# vgcreate -s 4M vg01 \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\n  Volume group \"vg01\" successfully created\n",[32,294,292],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,296,298],{"id":297},"查看vg","查看VG",[51,300,303],{"className":301,"code":302,"language":279,"meta":57},[277],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# vgdisplay\n  --- Volume group ---\n  VG Name               vg01\n  System ID             \n  Format                lvm2\n  Metadata Areas        1\n  Metadata Sequence No  1\n  VG Access             read\u002Fwrite\n  VG Status             resizable\n  MAX LV                0\n  Cur LV                0\n  Open LV               0\n  Max PV                0\n  Cur PV                1\n  Act PV                1\n  VG Size               973.23 GiB\n  PE Size               4.00 MiB\n  Total PE              249147\n  Alloc PE \u002F Size       0 \u002F 0   \n  Free  PE \u002F Size       249147 \u002F 973.23 GiB\n  VG UUID               hb8zoy-kKjU-VXD5-EjCN-8hS2-MOzf-lq3O5j\n   \n  --- Volume group ---\n  VG Name               centos\n  System ID             \n  Format                lvm2\n  Metadata Areas        1\n  Metadata Sequence No  3\n  VG Access             read\u002Fwrite\n  VG Status             resizable\n  MAX LV                0\n  Cur LV                2\n  Open LV               2\n  Max PV                0\n  Cur PV                1\n  Act PV                1\n  VG Size               \u003C49.00 GiB\n  PE Size               4.00 MiB\n  Total PE              12543\n  Alloc PE \u002F Size       12543 \u002F \u003C49.00 GiB\n  Free  PE \u002F Size       0 \u002F 0   \n  VG UUID               kSwsMj-4FKB-zwFq-7MBq-EfOD-rccg-HC59x9\n",[32,304,302],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,306,307],{},"可以看到 vg01 为新建的VG",[270,309,311],{"id":310},"新建lv","新建LV",[51,313,316],{"className":314,"code":315,"language":248,"meta":57},[246],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lvcreate  -l 100%FREE -n lv01 vg01\n  Logical volume \"lv01\" created\n",[32,317,315],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,319,321],{"id":320},"格式化lv","格式化LV",[10,323,324],{"type":79},[16,325,326],{},"格式化操作会清除分区上的所有数据，请确认分区正确且无重要数据。",[16,328,329,330],{},"格式化文件系统类型有xfs，ext4，这里测试使用ext4格式，",[258,331,332],{},"默认centos7下使用xfs格式，centos6为ext4格式",[51,334,339],{"className":335,"code":337,"language":338,"meta":57},[336],"language-mipsasm","[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# mkfs.ext4 \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01\nmke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)\nFilesystem label=\nOS type: Linux\nBlock size=4096 (log=2)\nFragment size=4096 (log=2)\nStride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks\n63782912 inodes, 255126528 blocks\n12756326 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user\nFirst data block=0\nMaximum filesystem blocks=2403336192\n7786 block groups\n32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group\n8192 inodes per group\nSuperblock backups stored on blocks: \n        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, \n        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, \n        102400000, 214990848\n\nAllocating group tables: done                            \nWriting inode tables: done                            \nCreating journal (32768 blocks): done\nWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done\n","mipsasm",[32,340,337],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,342,343],{"id":343},"新建挂载点并挂载",[51,345,348],{"className":346,"code":347,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"mkdir \u002Fapp\nmount \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01 \u002Fapp\n",[32,349,347],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,351,352],{"id":352},"查看新增挂载后的块分区",[51,354,357],{"className":355,"code":356,"language":233,"meta":57},[231],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lsblk \nNAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT\nvda             252:0    0    50G  0 disk \n├─vda1          252:1    0     1G  0 part \u002Fboot\n└─vda2          252:2    0    49G  0 part \n  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    44G  0 lvm  \u002F\n  └─centos-swap 253:1    0     5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]\nvdb             252:16   0   974G  0 disk \n└─vdb1          252:17   0 973.2G  0 part \n  └─vg01-lv01   253:2    0 973.2G  0 lvm  \u002Fapp\n",[32,358,356],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,360,361],{},"可以看到新增磁盘以LVM格式挂载在 \u002Fapp 下",[270,363,364],{"id":364},"永久写入挂载点",[51,366,369],{"className":367,"code":368,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"blkid\n\n#\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fvg01-lv01 on \u002Fopt type ext4 (rw,relatime)\n\n# echo \"UUID=\u003CUUID> \u002Fapp ext4 defaults 0 0\" >> \u002Fetc\u002Ffstab\n",[32,370,368],{"__ignoreMap":57},[51,372,375],{"className":373,"code":374,"language":56,"meta":57},[54],"[root@docker-server ~]# blkid\n\u002Fdev\u002Fsda1: SEC_TYPE=\"msdos\" UUID=\"F312-EB5D\" TYPE=\"vfat\" PARTLABEL=\"EFI System Partition\" PARTUUID=\"7526c319-8c70-4fa9-ad1a-7a9a906c0f7c\"\n\u002Fdev\u002Fsda2: UUID=\"a169778d-bcee-41d3-899e-aa68e670eb54\" TYPE=\"xfs\" PARTUUID=\"b9de11c9-a9a8-46c7-8484-a3f0450f648f\"\n\u002Fdev\u002Fsda3: UUID=\"4WIoYK-aQng-dGMv-YYjq-RXaj-XKMV-o0RYCL\" TYPE=\"LVM2_member\" PARTUUID=\"b0ebc437-996e-4a3c-b6d3-cf5692413688\"\n\u002Fdev\u002Fsdb1: UUID=\"PHHm7S-6haw-EeGN-2xRl-Cxna-3C9N-4QlPIy\" TYPE=\"LVM2_member\" PARTLABEL=\"primary\" PARTUUID=\"68320f1b-25b0-4070-8a22-79af2af7aa69\"\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-root: UUID=\"375718d4-698b-4709-b721-2c652a87c118\" TYPE=\"xfs\"\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-swap: UUID=\"d7e852bb-0ef8-4545-a3cb-4fb12b8fb9ff\" TYPE=\"swap\"\n# lvm\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fvg01-lv01: UUID=\"37bbfff9-76da-4515-a9e5-b8820ea523e5\" TYPE=\"ext4\" \n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-home: UUID=\"d3f5743c-588a-4bc1-bb6a-51775db4713e\" TYPE=\"xfs\"\n[root@docker-server ~]# cat \u002Fetc\u002Ffstab\n\n#\n# \u002Fetc\u002Ffstab\n# Created by anaconda on Wed Jul  3 21:16:34 2024\n#\n# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '\u002Fdev\u002Fdisk'\n# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and\u002For blkid(8) for more info\n#\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-root \u002F                       xfs     defaults        0 0\nUUID=a169778d-bcee-41d3-899e-aa68e670eb54 \u002Fboot                   xfs     defaults        0 0\nUUID=F312-EB5D          \u002Fboot\u002Fefi               vfat    umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 0\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-home \u002Fhome                   xfs     defaults        0 0\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0\n# 写入\nUUID=37bbfff9-76da-4515-a9e5-b8820ea523e5 \u002Fapp ext4 defaults 0 0\n\n",[32,376,374],{"__ignoreMap":57},[176,378,380],{"id":379},"_8-删除lvm挂载点","8. 删除LVM挂载点",[270,382,383],{"id":383},"删除挂载点",[51,385,388],{"className":386,"code":387,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# umount -v \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01\numount: \u002Fapp (\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fvg01-lv01) unmounted\n",[32,389,387],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,391,392],{"id":392},"查看块设备",[51,394,397],{"className":395,"code":396,"language":233,"meta":57},[231],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lsblk \nNAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT\nvda             252:0    0    50G  0 disk \n├─vda1          252:1    0     1G  0 part \u002Fboot\n└─vda2          252:2    0    49G  0 part \n  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    44G  0 lvm  \u002F\n  └─centos-swap 253:1    0     5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]\nvdb             252:16   0   974G  0 disk \n└─vdb1          252:17   0 973.2G  0 part \n  └─vg01-lv01   253:2    0 973.2G  0 lvm\n",[32,398,396],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,400,401],{},"可以看到 \u002Fapp 挂载点删除了，删除 \u002Fapp 目录",[51,403,406],{"className":404,"code":405,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"rm -rf \u002Fapp\n",[32,407,405],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,409,411],{"id":410},"删除lv","删除LV",[16,413,414],{},"参数为 LV Path",[51,416,421],{"className":417,"code":419,"language":420,"meta":57},[418],"language-dockerfile","[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lvremove \u002Fdev\u002Fvg01\u002Flv01\nDo you really want to remove active logical volume vg01\u002Flv01? [y\u002Fn]: y\n  Logical volume \"lv01\" successfully removed\n","dockerfile",[32,422,419],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,424,426],{"id":425},"删除vg","删除VG",[16,428,429],{},"参数为 VG Name",[51,431,434],{"className":432,"code":433,"language":248,"meta":57},[246],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# vgremove vg01\n  Volume group \"vg01\" successfully removed\n",[32,435,433],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,437,439],{"id":438},"扩容vg","扩容VG",[16,441,442],{},"参数为 VG Name 和 PV Name",[51,444,447],{"className":445,"code":446,"language":248,"meta":57},[246],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# vgextend centos \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1\n  Volume group \"centos\" successfully extended\n",[32,448,446],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,450,451],{},"此时 PV \u002Fdev\u002Fvdb1 全部扩展到 VG centos下",[270,453,455],{"id":454},"查看lv","查看LV",[51,457,460],{"className":458,"code":459,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lvdisplay \n  --- Logical volume ---\n  LV Path                \u002Fdev\u002Fcentos\u002Fswap\n  LV Name                swap\n  VG Name                centos\n  LV UUID                PCx0yU-o9JZ-R92O-lI01-f8EU-DKyM-etst0H\n  LV Write Access        read\u002Fwrite\n  LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-12-24 16:46:31 +0800\n  LV Status              available\n  # open                 2\n  LV Size                5.00 GiB\n  Current LE             1280\n  Segments               1\n  Allocation             inherit\n  Read ahead sectors     auto\n  - currently set to     8192\n  Block device           253:1\n   \n  --- Logical volume ---\n  LV Path                \u002Fdev\u002Fcentos\u002Froot\n  LV Name                root\n  VG Name                centos\n  LV UUID                Idf9IO-AxkA-tS1C-FTgN-FsLT-d3Zk-7o1W5E\n  LV Write Access        read\u002Fwrite\n  LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-12-24 16:46:31 +0800\n  LV Status              available\n  # open                 1\n  LV Size                \u003C44.00 GiB\n  Current LE             11263\n  Segments               1\n  Allocation             inherit\n  Read ahead sectors     auto\n  - currently set to     8192\n  Block device           253:0\n",[32,461,459],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,463,464],{},"通过查看，系统安装时选择的磁盘格式是LVM并且有两个分区，接下来扩展根分区",[270,466,468],{"id":467},"扩展lv分区","扩展LV分区",[16,470,414],{},[51,472,475],{"className":473,"code":474,"language":420,"meta":57},[418],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE \u002Fdev\u002Fcentos\u002Froot\n  Size of logical volume centos\u002Froot changed from \u003C44.00 GiB (11263 extents) to \u003C1017.23 GiB (260410 extents).\n  Logical volume centos\u002Froot successfully resized\n",[32,476,474],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,478,479],{},"如果发现误操作，需要还原，可以通过以下命令缩小LV分区",[51,481,484],{"className":482,"code":483,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"lvreduce -L 1017.2G  \u002Fdev\u002Fcentos\u002Froot\n",[32,485,483],{"__ignoreMap":57},[270,487,488],{"id":488},"加载扩容到系统",[16,490,491],{},"此时查看系统可以看到已经扩容，但没有加载到文件系统",[51,493,496],{"className":494,"code":495,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# lsblk \nNAME            MAJ:MIN RM    SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT\nvda             252:0    0     50G  0 disk \n├─vda1          252:1    0      1G  0 part \u002Fboot\n└─vda2          252:2    0     49G  0 part \n  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 1017.2G  0 lvm  \u002F\n  └─centos-swap 253:1    0      5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]\nvdb             252:16   0    974G  0 disk \n└─vdb1          252:17   0  973.2G  0 part \n  └─centos-root 253:0    0 1017.2G  0 lvm  \u002F\n[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# df -h\nFilesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-root   44G  3.7G   41G   9% \u002F\ndevtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fdev\ntmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fdev\u002Fshm\ntmpfs                    7.8G  777M  7.0G  10% \u002Frun\ntmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fsys\u002Ffs\u002Fcgroup\n\u002Fdev\u002Fvda1               1014M  179M  836M  18% \u002Fboot\ntmpfs                    1.6G   36K  1.6G   1% \u002Frun\u002Fuser\u002F0\ntmpfs                    1.6G   40K  1.6G   1% \u002Frun\u002Fuser\u002F1001\n",[32,497,495],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,499,500],{},[258,501,488],{},[16,503,504,505],{},"参数为 LV path，",[258,506,507],{},"被扩容的挂载点一定是LVM格式",[51,509,514],{"className":510,"code":512,"language":513,"meta":57},[511],"language-haskell","[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# xfs_growfs \u002Fdev\u002Fcentos\u002Froot\nmeta-data=\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=2883328 blks\n         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1\n         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0\ndata     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=11533312, imaxpct=25\n         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks\nnaming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1\nlog      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=5631, version=2\n         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1\nrealtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0\ndata blocks changed from 11533312 to 266659840\n","haskell",[32,515,512],{"__ignoreMap":57},[16,517,518],{},"说明：若使用ext4文件格式（centos6），是使用resize2fs命令来生效",[16,520,521],{},[258,522,523],{},"查看磁盘",[51,525,528],{"className":526,"code":527,"language":161,"meta":57},[158],"[root@fsddxtclgj9vm900419 ~]# df -h\nFilesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n\u002Fdev\u002Fmapper\u002Fcentos-root 1018G  3.7G 1014G   1% \u002F\ndevtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fdev\ntmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fdev\u002Fshm\ntmpfs                    7.8G  777M  7.0G  10% \u002Frun\ntmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% \u002Fsys\u002Ffs\u002Fcgroup\n\u002Fdev\u002Fvda1               1014M  179M  836M  18% \u002Fboot\ntmpfs                    1.6G   36K  1.6G   1% \u002Frun\u002Fuser\u002F0\ntmpfs                    1.6G   40K  1.6G   1% \u002Frun\u002Fuser\u002F1001\n",[32,529,527],{"__ignoreMap":57},{"title":57,"searchDepth":531,"depth":531,"links":532},4,[533,535,536,537],{"id":48,"depth":534,"text":49},2,{"id":62,"depth":534,"text":63},{"id":137,"depth":534,"text":138},{"id":173,"depth":534,"text":174,"children":538},[539,541,542,543,544,545,546,556],{"id":178,"depth":540,"text":179},3,{"id":190,"depth":540,"text":191},{"id":203,"depth":540,"text":204},{"id":216,"depth":540,"text":217},{"id":226,"depth":540,"text":227},{"id":241,"depth":540,"text":242},{"id":267,"depth":540,"text":268,"children":547},[548,549,550,551,552,553,554,555],{"id":272,"depth":531,"text":273},{"id":287,"depth":531,"text":288},{"id":297,"depth":531,"text":298},{"id":310,"depth":531,"text":311},{"id":320,"depth":531,"text":321},{"id":343,"depth":531,"text":343},{"id":352,"depth":531,"text":352},{"id":364,"depth":531,"text":364},{"id":379,"depth":540,"text":380,"children":557},[558,559,560,561,562,563,564,565],{"id":383,"depth":531,"text":383},{"id":392,"depth":531,"text":392},{"id":410,"depth":531,"text":411},{"id":425,"depth":531,"text":426},{"id":438,"depth":531,"text":439},{"id":454,"depth":531,"text":455},{"id":467,"depth":531,"text":468},{"id":488,"depth":531,"text":488},[567],"系统","2024-09-17 14:31:01","本文详细的介绍了如何使用LVM进行创建分区,扩容分区等操作",false,"md",null,{"slots":574},{},true,"\u002Fposts\u002Flvm-setup",{"text":578,"minutes":579,"time":580,"words":581},"17 min read",16.765,1005900,3353,{"title":5,"description":569},{"loc":576},"posts\u002Fposts\u002Flvm-setup",[586,587],"LVM","Disk","tech","2026-06-27 14:31:01","kO-Nb92KeLWSLV2chAl6__GAv-i4AbWABtt4Z9Sl9CI",[592,597],{"title":593,"path":594,"stem":595,"date":596,"type":588,"children":-1},"使用 Squid 为内网服务器搭建 HTTP 代理","\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-squid-proxy","posts\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-squid-proxy","2024-07-20 09:48:41",{"title":598,"path":599,"stem":600,"date":601,"type":602,"children":-1},"2023的某一天","\u002Fposts\u002Fgugugaga","posts\u002Fposts\u002Fgugugaga","2025-01-01","story",1788712226359]