[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":237},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content:\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-mysql57":3,"surround:\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-mysql57":226},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"categories":199,"date":201,"description":202,"draft":203,"extension":204,"image":205,"meta":206,"navigation":208,"path":209,"permalink":210,"pinned":203,"published":210,"readingTime":211,"recommend":210,"references":210,"seo":216,"sitemap":217,"stem":218,"tags":219,"type":223,"updated":224,"__hash__":225},"content\u002Fposts\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-mysql57.md","CentOS 安装 MySQL 5.7 完整指南",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":187},"minimark",[9,19,22],[10,11,15],"alert",{"title":12,"type":13,"icon":14},"AI 迁移提示","info","tabler:robot",[16,17,18],"p",{},"本文由 AI 协助从旧站迁移，尚未完成逐篇人工审校；内容如有疏漏，将在复核后修订。",[10,20],{"title":21,"type":13},"> 本文部分内容由 AI 辅助整理，已结合实际操作进行校验，请根据自身环境谨慎使用。",[10,23,26,34,37,42,51,54,61,72,75,81,85,91,95,100,106,110,117,128,137,140,146,150,153,158,166,171,177],{"title":24,"type":25},"注意","error",[16,27,28,29,33],{},"MySQL 5.7 已于 ",[30,31,32],"strong",{},"2023 年 10 月 31 日"," EOL（停止支持），，建议升级到 8.0 LTS 或 8.4 LTS",[16,35,36],{},"采用官网 RPM 包安装，版本为 MySQL 5.7 最后一个稳定版。",[38,39,41],"h2",{"id":40},"一下载解压","一、下载解压",[16,43,44,45],{},"打开 MySQL 社区版下载网站：",[46,47,48],"a",{"href":48,"rel":49},"https:\u002F\u002Fdownloads.mysql.com\u002Farchives\u002Fcommunity",[50],"nofollow",[16,52,53],{},"CentOS 是基于红帽的，Select OS Version 选择 Linux 7，如下图",[16,55,56],{},[57,58],"img",{"alt":59,"src":60},"下载MySQL","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.olinl.com\u002Ffile\u002Fpost-img\u002Fimages\u002FKXWuv32O.webp",[62,63,69],"pre",{"className":64,"code":66,"language":67,"meta":68},[65],"language-bash","# 官网 mysql 5.7 下载地址\nhttps:\u002F\u002Fdownloads.mysql.com\u002Farchives\u002Fget\u002Fp\u002F23\u002Ffile\u002Fmysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar\n","bash","",[70,71,66],"code",{"__ignoreMap":68},[16,73,74],{},"下载并解压",[62,76,79],{"className":77,"code":78,"language":67,"meta":68},[65],"# 下载精简包\nwget https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.olinl.com\u002Fcentos\u002Fmysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle-lite.tar\n# 官网全量包\n# wget https:\u002F\u002Fdownloads.mysql.com\u002Farchives\u002Fget\u002Fp\u002F23\u002Ffile\u002Fmysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar\n\n# 解压压缩包\ntar -xvf mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle-lite.tar\n",[70,80,78],{"__ignoreMap":68},[38,82,84],{"id":83},"二安装","二、安装",[62,86,89],{"className":87,"code":88,"language":67,"meta":68},[65],"# 按顺序依次安装（顺序不可乱）\nrpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7*.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force\nrpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7*.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force\nrpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7*.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force\nrpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7*.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force\n\n# 查看已安装的 MySQL\nrpm -qa | grep mysql\n",[70,90,88],{"__ignoreMap":68},[38,92,94],{"id":93},"三初始化与启动","三、初始化与启动",[96,97,99],"h3",{"id":98},"_1-默认目录初始化","1. 默认目录初始化",[62,101,104],{"className":102,"code":103,"language":67,"meta":68},[65],"# 初始化 MySQL\nmysqld --initialize\n# 给数据目录权限\nchown mysql:mysql \u002Fvar\u002Flib\u002Fmysql -R\n# 启动服务\nsystemctl start mysqld.service\n# 设置开机自启\nsystemctl enable mysqld\n\n# 查看初始密码\ncat \u002Fvar\u002Flog\u002Fmysqld.log | grep password\n\n# 登录并修改密码\nmysql -uroot -p\n## 输入上面获取的初始密码，然后执行：\nALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your_password';\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n",[70,105,103],{"__ignoreMap":68},[96,107,109],{"id":108},"_2-自定义数据目录","2. 自定义数据目录",[16,111,112,116],{},[113,114,115],"span",{},"!WARNING","\n设置自定义目录前，务必禁用 SELinux，否则 MySQL 无法访问自定义路径。",[16,118,119,120,123,124,127],{},"以 ",[70,121,122],{"code":122},"\u002Fopt\u002Fmysql\u002Fdata"," 为例，先修改 ",[70,125,126],{"code":126},"\u002Fetc\u002Fmy.cnf","：",[62,129,135],{"className":130,"code":132,"language":133,"meta":134},[131],"language-ini","[mysqld]\ndatadir=\u002Fopt\u002Fmysql\u002Fdata\nlog-error=\u002Fopt\u002Fmysql\u002Fmysqld.log\nsocket=\u002Fopt\u002Fmysql\u002Fmysql.sock\n","ini","title=\"\u002Fetc\u002Fmy.cnf\"",[70,136,132],{"__ignoreMap":68},[16,138,139],{},"然后执行初始化：",[62,141,144],{"className":142,"code":143,"language":67,"meta":68},[65],"# 创建数据目录\nmkdir -p \u002Fopt\u002Fmysql\u002Fdata\n\n# 赋权\nchown mysql:mysql \u002Fopt\u002Fmysql -R\n\n# 使用 mysql 用户初始化\nsudo -u mysql mysqld --initialize --datadir=\u002Fopt\u002Fmysql\u002Fdata\n\n# 启动服务\nsystemctl start mysqld.service\nsystemctl enable mysqld\n\n# 查看初始密码\ncat \u002Fopt\u002Fmysql\u002Fmysqld.log | grep password\n\n# 登录并修改密码\nmysql -uroot -p\nALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your_password';\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n",[70,145,143],{"__ignoreMap":68},[38,147,149],{"id":148},"四配置外部访问","四、配置外部访问",[16,151,152],{},"MySQL 安装后 root 用户默认只允许 localhost 登录，生产环境建议新建专用用户，而非直接开放 root。",[16,154,155],{},[30,156,157],{},"推荐：新建允许外部访问的用户",[62,159,164],{"className":160,"code":162,"language":163,"meta":68},[161],"language-sql","-- 登录 MySQL\nmysql -uroot -p\n\n-- 创建允许外部访问的用户\nCREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';\nGRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n","sql",[70,165,162],{"__ignoreMap":68},[16,167,168],{},[30,169,170],{},"不推荐：直接修改 root 用户 host",[62,172,175],{"className":173,"code":174,"language":163,"meta":68},[161],"mysql -uroot -p\n\nUPDATE mysql.user SET host = '%' WHERE user = 'root';\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n",[70,176,174],{"__ignoreMap":68},[16,178,179,182,183],{},[113,180,181],{},"!TIP","\n安装完成后，建议使用 XtraBackup 定期备份数据库：",[46,184,186],{"href":185},"\u002Fposts\u002Fxtrabackup-backup","XtraBackup 备份与恢复",{"title":68,"searchDepth":188,"depth":188,"links":189},4,[190,192,193,198],{"id":40,"depth":191,"text":41},2,{"id":83,"depth":191,"text":84},{"id":93,"depth":191,"text":94,"children":194},[195,197],{"id":98,"depth":196,"text":99},3,{"id":108,"depth":196,"text":109},{"id":148,"depth":191,"text":149},[200],"Service","2026-01-01 13:20:34","详解在 CentOS 7 上通过 RPM 包安装 MySQL 5.7 的完整流程，涵盖自定义数据目录、外部访问配置及用户权限管理。",false,"md","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.olinl.com\u002Ffile\u002Fpost-img\u002Fcover\u002FkNfaEjGk.webp",{"slots":207},{},true,"\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-mysql57",null,{"text":212,"minutes":213,"time":214,"words":215},"3 min read",2.8,168000,560,{"title":5,"description":202},{"loc":209},"posts\u002Fposts\u002Fcentos-mysql57",[220,221,222],"MySQL","CentOS","数据库","tech","2026-07-26 16:50:38","WG8JwGqW_1srDiG34cPtx09TYitOY0P3sAQHE2lcDvk",[227,232],{"title":228,"path":229,"stem":230,"date":231,"type":223,"children":-1},"Linux 定期清理日志文件脚本（Crontab）","\u002Fposts\u002Flog-cleanup-script","posts\u002Fposts\u002Flog-cleanup-script","2026-01-01",{"title":233,"path":234,"stem":235,"date":236,"type":223,"children":-1},"跳过登录弹框：实现 Basic Auth 自动授权","\u002Fposts\u002Fbasic-auth-auto-login-bypass","posts\u002Fposts\u002Fbasic-auth-auto-login-bypass","2026-01-03",1788712225608]